Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a disease with characteristic presence in uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue. If not treated, this cell growth can spread beyond the lungs through a process called metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body. Most cancers that begin in the lungs, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas derived from epithelial cells. The main types of lung cancer that is SCLC (small cell lung cancer), also called grain cell cancer, and NSCLC (lung cancer non-small-cell). The most common symptom is coughing (including coughing up blood), weight loss and shortness of breath. [1] The most common cause of lung cancer is exposure in the long term to tobacco smoke, [2] which led to 80-90% of lung cancers. [1] Non-smoker reaches 10-15% of lung cancer cases, [3] and the case is usually caused by a combination of genetic factors, [4] as radon gas, [4] asbestos, [5] and air pollution [4] including cigarette smoke passive. [6] [7] Lung cancer can be seen through a chest X-ray and computer tomography (CT scan). the diagnosis can be confirmed by a biopsy [8] which is usually done through a bronchoscopy procedure or guided by CT. Care and long-term results depend on the type of cancer, the stage (degree of spread), and overall patient health status, measured by the general conditions. Treatment usually includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. NSCLC is usually dealt with by surgery, whereas SCLC usually responds better to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. [9] Overall, 15% of the population in the United States diagnosed with lung cancer achieve a life expectancy of five years after diagnosis. [10] Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women, and is responsible for 1.38 million deaths annually, until 2008. [11]